Case Study: Tunnel Inspection Support System Using CoreHW RTLS

Project Overview

Sector: 

Rail Operator:

Integrator: 

Scope: 

Primary use: 

Solution: 

Railway Infrastructure / Tunnel Maintenance

Railway Technical Research Institute (RTRI), Japan

Leading Japan-based system integrator

Tunnel inspection support system combining RTLS positioning, sound analysis, and visualization

Real-time mapping of hammer-based tunnel inspection results to exact wall locations

CoreHW Bluetooth AoA RTLS including CoreRTLS locators and Tag devices, CoreRTLS software, integration with the customer platform via MQTT and REST API.

Application

RTRI is developing a tunnel inspection support system to improve the efficiency and consistency of railway infrastructure maintenance. The system focuses on assisting inspectors during tunnel wall inspections by combining digital technologies with existing inspection methods.

The solution integrates CoreHW RTLS technology with sound analysis and visualization to support real-time inspection work inside railway tunnels.

Background and Challenge

Tunnel inspection is a critical but demanding task. Many railway tunnels in Japan have been in operation for decades, making regular inspection essential for safety.

Traditionally, inspectors:

  • Tap tunnel walls using a hammer
  • Judge structural condition based on sound
  • Record findings manually
 

This process is:

  • Time-consuming
  • Physically demanding (often performed at night)
  • Dependent on individual experience and skill
 

As a result, maintaining consistency and efficiency across inspections is challenging.

Solution

Enhancing Tunnel Inspection with CoreHW RTLS - The system includes

RTRI developed a system that enhances the traditional hammer-based inspection method using digital support.

The system includes:

  • A hammer equipped with a wireless transmitter (CoreRTLS tag)
  • A receiver system (CoreRTLS Locator)
  • CoreHW Positioning Engine Software
  • A wireless microphone
  • AI-based sound analysis
  • A projection system for visualization

How it works:

The diagram shows a tunnel inspection workflow. An inspector taps the wall with a hammer equipped with a CoreHW RTLS tag. CoreHW RTLS tracks the hammer position in real time. The tapping sound is captured by a wireless microphone. The software links location with sound analysis, enabling inspection results to be mapped and projected onto the wall at the exact location of the tap.

This allows inspectors to instantly see which areas are normal and which may require attention.

Performance

The system enables:

  • Real-time positioning of inspection points using CoreHW RTLS
  • Immediate linkage between location and inspection result
  • On-site visualization of inspection outcomes
 

The RTLS component (CoreRTLS tags, locators, and Positioning Engine) provides the spatial accuracy needed to ensure that each inspection result is correctly aligned with its physical location on the tunnel wall.

Results

By supporting inspectors with real-time feedback and location-based visualization, the system:

  • Reduces the workload of manual inspection
  • Improves the efficiency of inspection tasks
  • Supports more consistent evaluation of tunnel conditions
 

It helps inspectors focus on areas that require attention, rather than relying solely on manual judgment and documentation.

Future Indications

This case demonstrates how RTLS can be used as part of a broader system that combines positioning, sensing, and analysis.

In this implementation, CoreHW RTLS enables precise spatial tracking within a workflow that remains familiar to inspectors, supporting a gradual transition from manual to digitally assisted processes.

Reference

  • NHK World Japan – Japan Railway Journal
    Tunnel inspection segment (~20:26 onward): https://www3.nhk.or.jp
  • RTRI research on tunnel inspection and hammer sound analysis system